The Sprawl Index
Norfolk--Virginia Beach--Newport News, VA

Overall Sprawl Index Score: 95.63
ranking it 37th most sprawling of 83 metro areas measured.
A lower score on the index indicates a greater degree of sprawl. The average score for all metros ranked is 100. A lower score indicates below average conditions among these 83 US metro areas: for example, less compact housing, a poorer mix of homes and jobs, poor street connectivity, or weaker than average town centers. A score above 100 indicates above average performance, when compared to the other metro areas ranked. Most metro areas score between 50 and 150 on the scale.

What Makes a Place Sprawling:
The sprawl index measured sprawl in four ways. Below are index scores for this metro area.
See the report for a full explanation of each factor. (will link to report) 

Sprawl Factor                                     index score          ranking out of 83
                                                                                (most to least sprawling)

Residential Density Factor                      95.01                         45 
Mix of homes, jobs, & services                87.17                         26 
Strength of town centers/downtowns      81.98                         19 
Accessibility of street network                113.06                       59





The Impact of Sprawl

Outcomes Affected by Sprawl in Norfolk:
                                                                          
Peak 8-hour ozone level (parts per billion):                         94
Fatal accidents per 100,000 persons:                                7.21
Daily Miles Driven per person (DVMT):                                23.0
Average number of vehicles per household:                        1.72
Percent of commuters using Transit:                                 1.97 %
Percent commuters walking to work:                                 2.81 % 
Average Commute Time, in minutes:                                  23.76
Average Annual Traffic Delay in hours:                               11.61

2000 Population: 1,512,416


MSA is Metropolitan Statistical Area. For more information on MSAs, PMSAs, CMSAs, and NECMAs, see the Census Bureau.

To view a map of Metropolitan Statistical Areas from the Census Bureau, click here (pdf).